COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS OF PRENATAL CAUSES OF FETAL ANOMALIES IN THE BUKHARA REGION

Аннотация

In modern obstetrics, the number of pregnancy complications has increased; the overall incidence of newborns has increased. The statistics on the structure of early childhood morbidity and mortality have significantly worsened due to the increased role of perinatal factors [1,2]. Among the main causes of reproductive losses in the perinatal period, intrauterine anomalies in the development of the fetus occupy a consistently leading position. According to the National Center for Birth Defects (USA), from 10 to 20 million children are born annually in the world with congenital anomalies and perinatal losses (20.6%), in the structure of infant mortality (20%), as well as in the structure of child morbidity. [1,3]. Long-term and complex treatment of patients with congenital malformations, the necessary medical and pedagogical correction of defects, and social assistance to disabled children require significant economic costs. [1,2]. The main efforts of modern perinatology should be aimed at preventing the birth of children with congenital malformations. Intrauterine anomalies of the heart (IVA) are the most common anomaly of development and, according to statistics, occur with a frequency of 7-12 cases per 1,000 newborns. VAS attracts the close attention of researchers around the world, not only due to the high frequency but also because they are the main cause of death in children under 1 year of age. [5]. Among children born with CHD, 14-29% die in the first week of life, 19-42% within the first month, and 40-87% of infants do not survive to 1 year. There is a steady increase in the number of newly diagnosed UA and the structure of mortality from UA, almost 50% falls on UA. The accuracy of prenatal diagnosis of CM varies widely around the world, for example, in Denmark - 11%, in France - 48% [1,4]. In our Bukhara region, the detection of Congenital malformations remains at a low level. Echography, being a mandatory, routine, safe component of the prenatal examination, allows us to detect many UAIV in the fetus. However, some of them are not diagnosed [2]. In our region, CM also occupies one of the leading places in the structure of perinatal mortality, in 2009 and 2010 - III place. [4,5].