Comprehensive analysis of the causes and risk factors of prenatal causes of fetal anomalies in the Bukhara region

Аннотация

According to the National Center for Birth Defects (USA), from 10 to 20 million
children are born annually in the world with congenital anomalies and perinatal losses (20.6%), in
the structure of infant mortality (20%), as well as in the structure of child morbidity. Long-term
and complex treatment of patients with congenital malformations (CM), the necessary medical
and pedagogical correction of defects, and social assistance to disabled children require
significant economic costs. The main efforts of modern perinatology should be aimed at
preventing the birth of children with congenital malformations. Intrauterine anomalies of the
heart (IVA) are the most common anomaly of development and, according to statistics, occur
with a frequency of 7-12 cases per 1,000 newborns.
To improve prenatal diagnosis in the prevention of hereditary and congenital diseases in children,
and to prevent the growth of childhood disability in 2021, a prenatal council was created at the
OPC in the Bukhara region. The purpose of his work was not only the diagnosis of fetal UA, but
also the development of a pregnancy management plan and delivery tactics.
All defects identified in the regions, city clinics, and private offices are sent without fail to the OPC
to clarify the diagnosis and determine further management tactics.
Identified congenital malformations - 76, interrupted - 43 pregnancies (56% of identified
congenital malformations). Urban - 40 (52.6%), rural - 36 people. Table 1 shows that the coverage
of I screenings at 10-14 weeks remained low (according to WHO, 85% of pregnant women should
be screened), this is due to late registration, and an incorrect calculation of the gestational age,
because, in some areas, there are no obstetricians.