Увеличение десны и связанные с судорогами травмы ротовой полости у пациентов с эпилепсией

Abstract

The aim of our study was to study the effect of epilepsy on the oral cavity and to develop an algorithm for dental treatment of patients with epilepsy. Research material. A cross-sectional study included 100 patients with epilepsy attending an outpatient department. Patients were divided into three groups based on dental risk factors and manageability. Results. Gingival enlargement was observed in 42% of patients treated with phenytoin (PHT). Among them, 43% of patients were on PHT monotherapy and 57% were on PHT polytherapy. Of the 40 people with gingival enlargement, 49% had moderate enlargement and 10% had severe enlargement Damage to the oral mucosa was more common in the study group compared to damage to the teeth and jaws. This comparison between groups was statistically significant (P<0.02). Trauma to the tongue, biting of the cheek, injury to the lip, fracture and loss of teeth, and jaw fractures were observed only in patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (groups II, III and IV). Lip trauma, cheek biting, tongue trauma, tooth loss, and jaw fracture were significantly associated (P < 0.03) with seizures occurring more than once a year. Conclusions. Conclusions The prevalence of gingival overgrowth and seizure-related oral hard and soft tissue damage in patients with epilepsy confirms the need for a multidisciplinary approach and targeted oral health promotion to improve oral health in these patients with epilepsy.